CVE-2026-54496
CVE-2026-54496 is a critical-severity vulnerability with a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.3. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-345.
Key facts
- Severity: Critical (CVSS 3.x base score 9.3)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (12th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- Weakness: CWE-345
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to zebrad 5.0.0, halo2_gadgets 0.5.0, orchard 0.14.0, zcash_primitives 0.28.0, and zcashd 6.20.0, the variable-base scalar multiplication gadget in halo2_gadgets/src/ecc/chip/mul/incomplete.rs used assign_advice() for the base point without a copy constraint tying it to the actual base, allowing a malicious prover to produce a valid proof for an Orchard Action with an under-constrained base point and bypass the diversified-address-integrity check that binds pk_d, g_d, ivk, the nullifier (nf), and the spend validating key (ak) to the note being spent. This issue is fixed in zebrad 5.0.0, halo2_gadgets 0.5.0, orchard 0.14.0, zcash_primitives 0.28.0, and zcashd 6.20.0.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2026-54496?
- ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to zebrad 5.0.0, halo2_gadgets 0.5.0, orchard 0.14.0, zcash_primitives 0.28.0, and zcashd 6.20.0, the variable-base scalar multiplication gadget in halo2_gadgets/src/ecc/chip/mul/incomplete.rs used assign_advice() for the base point without a copy constraint tying it to the actual base, allowing a malicious prover to produce a valid proof for an Orchard Action with an under-constrained base point and bypass the diversified-address-integrity check that binds pk_d, g_d, ivk, the nullifier (nf), and the spend validating key (ak) to the note being spent. This issue is fixed in zebrad 5.0.0, halo2_gadgets 0.5.0, orchard 0.14.0, zcash_primitives 0.28.0, and zcashd 6.20.0.
- How severe is CVE-2026-54496?
- CVE-2026-54496 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.3, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is none, integrity high, and availability low.
- Is CVE-2026-54496 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (12th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- How do I fix CVE-2026-54496?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- When was CVE-2026-54496 published?
- CVE-2026-54496 was published on 2026-07-17.
References
- https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/releases/tag/v5.0.0
- https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-ww9q-8r59-xv46
- https://github.com/zcash/halo2/releases/tag/halo2_gadgets-0.5.0
- https://github.com/zcash/librustzcash/releases/tag/zcash_primitives-0.28.0
- https://github.com/zcash/orchard/releases/tag/0.14.0
- https://github.com/zcash/zcash/releases/tag/v6.20.0
- https://zfnd.org/zebra-4-5-3-and-5-0-0-emergency-soft-fork-and-nu6-2-activation
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