CVE-2026-54888
CVE-2026-54888 is a medium-severity vulnerability with a CVSS 4.0 base score of 6.9. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-674.
Key facts
- Severity: Medium (CVSS 4.0 base score 6.9)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (6th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- Weakness: CWE-674
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in leandrocp mdex allows denial of service via deeply nested Markdown input. mdex converts between an Elixir %MDEx.Document{} struct and Comrak's internal AST using two mutually recursive Rust functions, ex_document_to_comrak_ast and comrak_ast_to_ex_document, in the NIF source file document.rs. Neither function enforces a maximum nesting depth, so the recursion depth is bounded only by the structure of the input. An attacker who can get a Markdown document rendered (for example through MDEx.parse_document!/1 or MDEx.to_html/1) can supply a document with thousands of nested block quotes, which drives unbounded recursion across the NIF boundary and exhausts the native C stack. Because the resulting stack overflow is an uncatchable SIGSEGV raised inside a NIF, it cannot be contained by the Erlang runtime. It terminates the operating system process running the BEAM, killing every Elixir and Erlang process on the node, not just the caller that triggered the render. No authentication or special privileges are required. The vulnerable conversion code was extracted from mdex into the separate mdex_native package starting in mdex 0.12.3. This issue affects mdex from 0.3.0 before 0.12.3 and mdex_native from 0.1.0 before 0.2.3.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2026-54888?
- Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in leandrocp mdex allows denial of service via deeply nested Markdown input. mdex converts between an Elixir %MDEx.Document{} struct and Comrak's internal AST using two mutually recursive Rust functions, ex_document_to_comrak_ast and comrak_ast_to_ex_document, in the NIF source file document.rs. Neither function enforces a maximum nesting depth, so the recursion depth is bounded only by the structure of the input. An attacker who can get a Markdown document rendered (for example through MDEx.parse_document!/1 or MDEx.to_html/1) can supply a document with thousands of nested block quotes, which drives unbounded recursion across the NIF boundary and exhausts the native C stack. Because the resulting stack overflow is an uncatchable SIGSEGV raised inside a NIF, it cannot be contained by the Erlang runtime. It terminates the operating system process running the BEAM, killing every Elixir and Erlang process on the node, not just the caller that triggered the render. No authentication or special privileges are required. The vulnerable conversion code was extracted from mdex into the separate mdex_native package starting in mdex 0.12.3. This issue affects mdex from 0.3.0 before 0.12.3 and mdex_native from 0.1.0 before 0.2.3.
- How severe is CVE-2026-54888?
- CVE-2026-54888 has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 6.9, rated medium severity.
- Is CVE-2026-54888 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (6th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- How do I fix CVE-2026-54888?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.
- When was CVE-2026-54888 published?
- CVE-2026-54888 was published on 2026-06-29 and last updated on 2026-06-30.
References
- https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-54888.html
- https://github.com/leandrocp/mdex_native/commit/947696c47bc22bea5dffc0f78c946fa6b70ce183
- https://github.com/leandrocp/mdex_native/security/advisories/GHSA-3w4f-53g2-f66p
- https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-54888
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