CVE-2026-55953
CVE-2026-55953 is a high-severity vulnerability in Erlang Erlang/otp with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.4. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-757.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.4)
- CVSS v4: 9.1
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (12th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- Weakness: CWE-757
- Affected product: Erlang Erlang/otp
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
The Erlang/OTP ssl TLS 1.2 (and earlier) and DTLS client does not verify that the cipher suite selected by the server in ServerHello was among the suites offered by the client in ClientHello. The client-side tls_handshake:hello/5 handler validates the negotiated protocol version and the downgrade sentinel but hands the server-chosen suite directly to ssl_handshake:handle_server_hello_extensions/9, which installs it without a membership check. The TLS 1.3 client path performs this check (per RFC 8446), so it is not affected. An on-path attacker between the client and the intended server can respond with a ServerHello selecting an anonymous key exchange suite such as TLS_DH_anon_* or TLS_ECDH_anon_* that the client never offered. Anonymous suites do not require the server to present a certificate, so the entire verify_peer and cacerts configuration is bypassed: the attacker completes the handshake with its own ephemeral parameters, no certificate is validated, no hostname is checked, and ssl:connect returns {ok, Socket}. All subsequent application traffic is readable and modifiable by the attacker. This issue affects OTP from OTP R13B03 before OTP 27.3.4.15, from OTP 28.0 before OTP 28.5.0.4, and from OTP 29.0 before OTP 29.0.4, corresponding to ssl from 3.10.7 before 11.2.12.11, from 11.3 before 11.6.0.4, and from 11.7 before 11.7.4. Whether OTP before OTP R13B03, corresponding to ssl before 3.10.7, is affected is unknown.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2026-55953?
- The Erlang/OTP ssl TLS 1.2 (and earlier) and DTLS client does not verify that the cipher suite selected by the server in ServerHello was among the suites offered by the client in ClientHello. The client-side tls_handshake:hello/5 handler validates the negotiated protocol version and the downgrade sentinel but hands the server-chosen suite directly to ssl_handshake:handle_server_hello_extensions/9, which installs it without a membership check. The TLS 1.3 client path performs this check (per RFC 8446), so it is not affected. An on-path attacker between the client and the intended server can respond with a ServerHello selecting an anonymous key exchange suite such as TLS_DH_anon_* or TLS_ECDH_anon_* that the client never offered. Anonymous suites do not require the server to present a certificate, so the entire verify_peer and cacerts configuration is bypassed: the attacker completes the handshake with its own ephemeral parameters, no certificate is validated, no hostname is checked, and ssl:connect returns {ok, Socket}. All subsequent application traffic is readable and modifiable by the attacker. This issue affects OTP from OTP R13B03 before OTP 27.3.4.15, from OTP 28.0 before OTP 28.5.0.4, and from OTP 29.0 before OTP 29.0.4, corresponding to ssl from 3.10.7 before 11.2.12.11, from 11.3 before 11.6.0.4, and from 11.7 before 11.7.4. Whether OTP before OTP R13B03, corresponding to ssl before 3.10.7, is affected is unknown.
- How severe is CVE-2026-55953?
- CVE-2026-55953 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.4, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with high attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability none.
- Is CVE-2026-55953 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (12th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2026-55953?
- CVE-2026-55953 primarily affects Erlang Erlang/otp. In total, 2 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2026-55953?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- When was CVE-2026-55953 published?
- CVE-2026-55953 was published on 2026-07-27 and last updated on 2026-08-10.
References
- https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-55953.html
- https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/064e236414614f9085cbbbd6eacf0e43c02d1b4b
- https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/0a82596d425abe43dc2e0b3d74aa1557ef74051c
- https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/e6ff938116b2872bccc478af7fefb56627285b77
- https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-c6cw-pr89-w882
- https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-55953
- https://www.erlang.org/doc/system/versions.html#order-of-versions
Affected products (2)
- cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\/ssl:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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