How severe is CVE-2013-4491?

CVE-2013-4491 has a CVSS 2.0 base score of 4.3, rated medium severity.

Is CVE-2013-4491 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 2% (81st percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What products are affected by CVE-2013-4491?

CVE-2013-4491 primarily affects Rubyonrails Rails. In total, 108 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.

How do I fix CVE-2013-4491?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.

When was CVE-2013-4491 published?

CVE-2013-4491 was published on 2013-12-07 and last updated on 2026-06-16.

CVE-2013-4491

CVE-2013-4491 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Rubyonrails Rails with a CVSS 2.0 base score of 4.3. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-79.

Key facts

Severity: Medium (CVSS 2.0 base score 4.3)
EPSS exploit prediction: 2% (81st percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
Weakness: CWE-79
Affected product: Rubyonrails Rails
Published: 2013-12-07
Last modified: 2026-06-16

Description

Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/translation_helper.rb in the internationalization component in Ruby on Rails 3.x before 3.2.16 and 4.x before 4.0.2 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted string that triggers generation of a fallback string by the i18n gem.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2013-4491?: Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/translation_helper.rb in the internationalization component in Ruby on Rails 3.x before 3.2.16 and 4.x before 4.0.2 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted string that triggers generation of a fallback string by the i18n gem.
How severe is CVE-2013-4491?: CVE-2013-4491 has a CVSS 2.0 base score of 4.3, rated medium severity.
Is CVE-2013-4491 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 2% (81st percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2013-4491?: CVE-2013-4491 primarily affects Rubyonrails Rails. In total, 108 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
How do I fix CVE-2013-4491?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.
When was CVE-2013-4491 published?: CVE-2013-4491 was published on 2013-12-07 and last updated on 2026-06-16.

References

Affected products (108)

cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:*:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.0:beta:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.1:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.0:beta:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.0:beta2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.0:beta3:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.0:beta4:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.0:rc:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.1:pre:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.2:pre:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.4:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.5:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.6:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.6:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.7:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.7:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.8:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.8:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.8:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.8:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.9:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.9:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.9:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.9:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.9:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:3.0.10:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*

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