CVE-2021-40444
CVE-2021-40444 is a high-severity vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1507 with a CVSS 3.x base score of 8.8. It is listed in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, confirming it has been exploited in the wild (added 2021-11-03). The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-22.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 8.8)
- CVSS v2: 6.8
- EPSS exploit prediction: 97% (100th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Yes — listed in CISA KEV (added 2021-11-03)
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2021-27621
- EU exploitation: Flagged exploited in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (since 2021-11-03)
- Weakness: CWE-22
- Affected product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
Microsoft is investigating reports of a remote code execution vulnerability in MSHTML that affects Microsoft Windows. Microsoft is aware of targeted attacks that attempt to exploit this vulnerability by using specially-crafted Microsoft Office documents. An attacker could craft a malicious ActiveX control to be used by a Microsoft Office document that hosts the browser rendering engine. The attacker would then have to convince the user to open the malicious document. Users whose accounts are configured to have fewer user rights on the system could be less impacted than users who operate with administrative user rights. Microsoft Defender Antivirus and Microsoft Defender for Endpoint both provide detection and protections for the known vulnerability. Customers should keep antimalware products up to date. Customers who utilize automatic updates do not need to take additional action. Enterprise customers who manage updates should select the detection build 1.349.22.0 or newer and deploy it across their environments. Microsoft Defender for Endpoint alerts will be displayed as: “Suspicious Cpl File Execution”. Upon completion of this investigation, Microsoft will take the appropriate action to help protect our customers. This may include providing a security update through our monthly release process or providing an out-of-cycle security update, depending on customer needs. Please see the Mitigations and Workaround sections for important information about steps you can take to protect your system from this vulnerability. UPDATE September 14, 2021: Microsoft has released security updates to address this vulnerability. Please see the Security Updates table for the applicable update for your system. We recommend that you install these updates immediately. Please see the FAQ for important information about which updates are applicable to your system.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2021-40444?
- Microsoft is investigating reports of a remote code execution vulnerability in MSHTML that affects Microsoft Windows. Microsoft is aware of targeted attacks that attempt to exploit this vulnerability by using specially-crafted Microsoft Office documents. An attacker could craft a malicious ActiveX control to be used by a Microsoft Office document that hosts the browser rendering engine. The attacker would then have to convince the user to open the malicious document. Users whose accounts are configured to have fewer user rights on the system could be less impacted than users who operate with administrative user rights. Microsoft Defender Antivirus and Microsoft Defender for Endpoint both provide detection and protections for the known vulnerability. Customers should keep antimalware products up to date. Customers who utilize automatic updates do not need to take additional action. Enterprise customers who manage updates should select the detection build 1.349.22.0 or newer and deploy it across their environments. Microsoft Defender for Endpoint alerts will be displayed as: “Suspicious Cpl File Execution”. Upon completion of this investigation, Microsoft will take the appropriate action to help protect our customers. This may include providing a security update through our monthly release process or providing an out-of-cycle security update, depending on customer needs. Please see the Mitigations and Workaround sections for important information about steps you can take to protect your system from this vulnerability. UPDATE September 14, 2021: Microsoft has released security updates to address this vulnerability. Please see the Security Updates table for the applicable update for your system. We recommend that you install these updates immediately. Please see the FAQ for important information about which updates are applicable to your system.
- How severe is CVE-2021-40444?
- CVE-2021-40444 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 8.8, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is low, integrity high, and availability low.
- Is CVE-2021-40444 being actively exploited?
- Yes. CVE-2021-40444 is on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, added on 2021-11-03, which means active exploitation has been confirmed. It should be prioritised for remediation.
- What products are affected by CVE-2021-40444?
- CVE-2021-40444 primarily affects Microsoft Windows 10 1507. In total, 19 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2021-40444?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Because this CVE is known to be actively exploited, treat remediation as urgent — CISA KEV typically sets a short remediation deadline.
- Does CVE-2021-40444 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2021-40444 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2021-27621. It is also flagged as exploited in the EUVD (since 2021-11-03).
- When was CVE-2021-40444 published?
- CVE-2021-40444 was published on 2021-09-15 and last updated on 2026-08-10.
References
- https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2021-40444
- http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/164210/Microsoft-Windows-MSHTML-Overview.html
- http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/165214/Microsoft-Office-Word-MSHTML-Remote-Code-Execution.html
- http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/167317/Microsoft-Office-MSDT-Follina-Proof-Of-Concept.html
- https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2021-40444
- https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-40444
Affected products (19)
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1909:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_2004:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_20h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_7:-:sp1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_8.1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_rt_8.1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2004:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:-:sp2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:r2:sp1:*:*:*:*:x64:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:-:r2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_20h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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