CVE-2021-41131
CVE-2021-41131 is a high-severity vulnerability in Linuxfoundation The Update Framework with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-22.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.5)
- CVSS v2: 8.8
- EPSS exploit prediction: 1% (69th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- Weakness: CWE-22
- Affected product: Linuxfoundation The Update Framework
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
python-tuf is a Python reference implementation of The Update Framework (TUF). In both clients (`tuf/client` and `tuf/ngclient`), there is a path traversal vulnerability that in the worst case can overwrite files ending in `.json` anywhere on the client system on a call to `get_one_valid_targetinfo()`. It occurs because the rolename is used to form the filename, and may contain path traversal characters (ie `../../name.json`). The impact is mitigated by a few facts: It only affects implementations that allow arbitrary rolename selection for delegated targets metadata, The attack requires the ability to A) insert new metadata for the path-traversing role and B) get the role delegated by an existing targets metadata, The written file content is heavily restricted since it needs to be a valid, signed targets file. The file extension is always .json. A fix is available in version 0.19 or newer. There are no workarounds that do not require code changes. Clients can restrict the allowed character set for rolenames, or they can store metadata in files named in a way that is not vulnerable: neither of these approaches is possible without modifying python-tuf.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2021-41131?
- python-tuf is a Python reference implementation of The Update Framework (TUF). In both clients (`tuf/client` and `tuf/ngclient`), there is a path traversal vulnerability that in the worst case can overwrite files ending in `.json` anywhere on the client system on a call to `get_one_valid_targetinfo()`. It occurs because the rolename is used to form the filename, and may contain path traversal characters (ie `../../name.json`). The impact is mitigated by a few facts: It only affects implementations that allow arbitrary rolename selection for delegated targets metadata, The attack requires the ability to A) insert new metadata for the path-traversing role and B) get the role delegated by an existing targets metadata, The written file content is heavily restricted since it needs to be a valid, signed targets file. The file extension is always .json. A fix is available in version 0.19 or newer. There are no workarounds that do not require code changes. Clients can restrict the allowed character set for rolenames, or they can store metadata in files named in a way that is not vulnerable: neither of these approaches is possible without modifying python-tuf.
- How severe is CVE-2021-41131?
- CVE-2021-41131 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with high attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is low, integrity high, and availability none.
- Is CVE-2021-41131 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (69th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2021-41131?
- CVE-2021-41131 affects Linuxfoundation The Update Framework. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2021-41131?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- When was CVE-2021-41131 published?
- CVE-2021-41131 was published on 2021-10-19 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://github.com/theupdateframework/python-tuf/commit/4ad7ae48fda594b640139c3b7eae21ed5155a102
- https://github.com/theupdateframework/python-tuf/issues/1527
- https://github.com/theupdateframework/python-tuf/security/advisories/GHSA-wjw6-2cqr-j4qr
Affected products (1)
- cpe:2.3:a:linuxfoundation:the_update_framework:*:*:*:*:*:python:*:*
More vulnerabilities in Linuxfoundation The Update Framework
- CVE-2020-6174 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): TUF (aka The Update Framework) through 0.12.1 has Improper Verification of a Cryptographic Signature.
- CVE-2020-15163 — High (CVSS 8.7): Python TUF (The Update Framework) reference implementation before version 0.12 it will incorrectly trust a previously…
- CVE-2020-6173 — Medium (CVSS 5.3): TUF (aka The Update Framework) 0.7.2 through 0.12.1 allows Uncontrolled Resource Consumption.
All CVEs affecting Linuxfoundation The Update Framework →
Other CWE-22 (Path Traversal) vulnerabilities
- CVE-2026-48282 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): ColdFusion versions 2025.9, 2023.20 and earlier are affected by an Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted…
- CVE-2026-54917 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): SeaweedFS is a distributed storage system for object storage (S3), file systems, and Iceberg tables. Prior to 4.30, the…
- CVE-2026-11429 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Two endpoints in the Vault Service ScriptsController, shared by Altium Enterprise Server and Altium 365, accept file…
- CVE-2026-34909 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): A malicious actor with access to the network could exploit a Path Traversal vulnerability found in UniFi OS devices to…
- CVE-2026-7411 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): In Eclipse BaSyx Java Server SDK versions prior to 2.0.0-milestone-10, inadequate path normalization in the Submodel…
- CVE-2026-36767 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): A path traversal vulnerability in the /content/images/add endpoint of shopizer v3.2.5 allows attackers write arbitrary…