CVE-2024-28185
CVE-2024-28185 is a critical-severity vulnerability with a CVSS 3.x base score of 10.0. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-59.
Key facts
- Severity: Critical (CVSS 3.x base score 10.0)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 7% (93rd percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2024-25309
- Weakness: CWE-59
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
Judge0 is an open-source online code execution system. The application does not account for symlinks placed inside the sandbox directory, which can be leveraged by an attacker to write to arbitrary files and gain code execution outside of the sandbox. When executing a submission, Judge0 writes a `run_script` to the sandbox directory. The security issue is that an attacker can create a symbolic link (symlink) at the path `run_script` before this code is executed, resulting in the `f.write` writing to an arbitrary file on the unsandboxed system. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to overwrite scripts on the system and gain code execution outside of the sandbox.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2024-28185?
- Judge0 is an open-source online code execution system. The application does not account for symlinks placed inside the sandbox directory, which can be leveraged by an attacker to write to arbitrary files and gain code execution outside of the sandbox. When executing a submission, Judge0 writes a `run_script` to the sandbox directory. The security issue is that an attacker can create a symbolic link (symlink) at the path `run_script` before this code is executed, resulting in the `f.write` writing to an arbitrary file on the unsandboxed system. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to overwrite scripts on the system and gain code execution outside of the sandbox.
- How severe is CVE-2024-28185?
- CVE-2024-28185 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 10.0, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2024-28185 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 7% (93rd percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- How do I fix CVE-2024-28185?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2024-28185 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2024-28185 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2024-25309.
- When was CVE-2024-28185 published?
- CVE-2024-28185 was published on 2024-04-18 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://github.com/judge0/judge0/blob/v1.13.0/app/jobs/isolate_job.rb#L197-L201
- https://github.com/judge0/judge0/commit/846d5839026161bb299b7a35fd3b2afb107992fc
- https://github.com/judge0/judge0/security/advisories/GHSA-h9g2-45c8-89cf
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