How severe is CVE-2024-28189?

CVE-2024-28189 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 10.0, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.

Is CVE-2024-28189 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 7% (94th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

How do I fix CVE-2024-28189?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.

Does CVE-2024-28189 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?

Yes. CVE-2024-28189 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2024-25312.

When was CVE-2024-28189 published?

CVE-2024-28189 was published on 2024-04-18 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

CVE-2024-28189

CVE-2024-28189 is a critical-severity vulnerability with a CVSS 3.x base score of 10.0. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-59.

Key facts

Severity: Critical (CVSS 3.x base score 10.0)
EPSS exploit prediction: 7% (94th percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2024-25312
Weakness: CWE-59
Published: 2024-04-18
Last modified: 2026-06-17

Description

Judge0 is an open-source online code execution system. The application uses the UNIX chown command on an untrusted file within the sandbox. An attacker can abuse this by creating a symbolic link (symlink) to a file outside the sandbox, allowing the attacker to run chown on arbitrary files outside of the sandbox. This vulnerability is not impactful on it's own, but it can be used to bypass the patch for CVE-2024-28185 and obtain a complete sandbox escape. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.13.1.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2024-28189?: Judge0 is an open-source online code execution system. The application uses the UNIX chown command on an untrusted file within the sandbox. An attacker can abuse this by creating a symbolic link (symlink) to a file outside the sandbox, allowing the attacker to run chown on arbitrary files outside of the sandbox. This vulnerability is not impactful on it's own, but it can be used to bypass the patch for CVE-2024-28185 and obtain a complete sandbox escape. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.13.1.
How severe is CVE-2024-28189?: CVE-2024-28189 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 10.0, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
Is CVE-2024-28189 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 7% (94th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
How do I fix CVE-2024-28189?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
Does CVE-2024-28189 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?: Yes. CVE-2024-28189 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2024-25312.
When was CVE-2024-28189 published?: CVE-2024-28189 was published on 2024-04-18 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

Other CWE-59 (Improper Link Resolution Before File Access (Link Following)) vulnerabilities

CVE-2024-37143 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Dell PowerFlex appliance versions prior to IC 46.381.00 and IC 46.376.00, Dell PowerFlex rack versions prior to RCM…
CVE-2024-28185 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Judge0 is an open-source online code execution system. The application does not account for symlinks placed inside the…
CVE-2022-22995 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): The combination of primitives offered by SMB and AFP in their default configuration allows the arbitrary writing of…
CVE-2014-4480 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Directory traversal vulnerability in afc in AppleFileConduit in Apple iOS before 8.1.3 and Apple TV before 7.0.3 allows…
CVE-2002-2374 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Unspecified vulnerability in pprosetup in Sun PatchPro 2.0 has unknown impact and attack vectors related to "unsafe use…
CVE-2026-44881 — Critical (CVSS 9.9): Portainer Community Edition is a lightweight service delivery platform for containerized applications that can be used…

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