CVE-2025-64097
CVE-2025-64097 is a critical-severity vulnerability in Nerves-hub Nerveshub with a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-330.
Key facts
- Severity: Critical (CVSS 3.x base score 9.8)
- CVSS v4: 9.5
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (34th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-206329
- Weakness: CWE-330
- Affected product: Nerves-hub Nerveshub
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
NervesHub is a web service that allows users to manage over-the-air (OTA) firmware updates of devices in the field. A vulnerability present starting in version 1.0.0 and prior to version 2.3.0 allowed attackers to brute-force user API tokens due to the predictable format of previously issued tokens. Tokens included user-identifiable components and were not cryptographically secure, making them susceptible to guessing or enumeration. The vulnerability could have allowed unauthorized access to user accounts or API actions protected by these tokens. A fix is available in version 2.3.0 of NervesHub. This version introduces strong, cryptographically-random tokens using `:crypto.strong_rand_bytes/1`, hashing of tokens before database storage to prevent misuse even if the database is compromised, and context-aware token storage to distinguish between session and API tokens. There are no practical workarounds for this issue other than upgrading. In sensitive environments, as a temporary mitigation, firewalling access to the NervesHub server can help limit exposure until an upgrade is possible.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-64097?
- NervesHub is a web service that allows users to manage over-the-air (OTA) firmware updates of devices in the field. A vulnerability present starting in version 1.0.0 and prior to version 2.3.0 allowed attackers to brute-force user API tokens due to the predictable format of previously issued tokens. Tokens included user-identifiable components and were not cryptographically secure, making them susceptible to guessing or enumeration. The vulnerability could have allowed unauthorized access to user accounts or API actions protected by these tokens. A fix is available in version 2.3.0 of NervesHub. This version introduces strong, cryptographically-random tokens using `:crypto.strong_rand_bytes/1`, hashing of tokens before database storage to prevent misuse even if the database is compromised, and context-aware token storage to distinguish between session and API tokens. There are no practical workarounds for this issue other than upgrading. In sensitive environments, as a temporary mitigation, firewalling access to the NervesHub server can help limit exposure until an upgrade is possible.
- How severe is CVE-2025-64097?
- CVE-2025-64097 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2025-64097 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (34th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2025-64097?
- CVE-2025-64097 affects Nerves-hub Nerveshub. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2025-64097?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2025-64097 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2025-64097 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-206329.
- When was CVE-2025-64097 published?
- CVE-2025-64097 was published on 2026-01-22 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://github.com/nerves-hub/nerves_hub_web/pull/2024
- https://github.com/nerves-hub/nerves_hub_web/releases/tag/v2.3.0
- https://github.com/nerves-hub/nerves_hub_web/security/advisories/GHSA-m9vj-776q-vc8m
Affected products (1)
- cpe:2.3:a:nerves-hub:nerveshub:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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