How severe is CVE-2025-66031?

CVE-2025-66031 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is none, integrity none, and availability high.

Is CVE-2025-66031 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (29th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What products are affected by CVE-2025-66031?

CVE-2025-66031 affects Digitalbazaar Forge. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.

How do I fix CVE-2025-66031?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.

Does CVE-2025-66031 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?

Yes. CVE-2025-66031 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-199767.

When was CVE-2025-66031 published?

CVE-2025-66031 was published on 2025-11-26 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

CVE-2025-66031

CVE-2025-66031 is a high-severity vulnerability in Digitalbazaar Forge with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-674.

Key facts

Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.5)
CVSS v4: 8.7
EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (29th percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-199767
Weakness: CWE-674
Affected product: Digitalbazaar Forge
Published: 2025-11-26
Last modified: 2026-06-17

Description

Forge (also called `node-forge`) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. An Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in node-forge versions 1.3.1 and below enables remote, unauthenticated attackers to craft deep ASN.1 structures that trigger unbounded recursive parsing. This leads to a Denial-of-Service (DoS) via stack exhaustion when parsing untrusted DER inputs. This issue has been patched in version 1.3.2.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-66031?: Forge (also called `node-forge`) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. An Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in node-forge versions 1.3.1 and below enables remote, unauthenticated attackers to craft deep ASN.1 structures that trigger unbounded recursive parsing. This leads to a Denial-of-Service (DoS) via stack exhaustion when parsing untrusted DER inputs. This issue has been patched in version 1.3.2.
How severe is CVE-2025-66031?: CVE-2025-66031 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is none, integrity none, and availability high.
Is CVE-2025-66031 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (29th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2025-66031?: CVE-2025-66031 affects Digitalbazaar Forge. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
How do I fix CVE-2025-66031?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
Does CVE-2025-66031 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?: Yes. CVE-2025-66031 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-199767.
When was CVE-2025-66031 published?: CVE-2025-66031 was published on 2025-11-26 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

Affected products (1)

cpe:2.3:a:digitalbazaar:forge:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*

More vulnerabilities in Digitalbazaar Forge

CVE-2020-7720 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): The package node-forge before 0.10.0 is vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the util.setPath function. Note: Version…
CVE-2025-12816 — High (CVSS 8.6): An interpretation-conflict (CWE-436) vulnerability in node-forge versions 1.3.1 and earlier enables unauthenticated…
CVE-2026-33895 — High (CVSS 7.5): Forge (also called `node-forge`) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. Prior to version…
CVE-2026-33894 — High (CVSS 7.5): Forge (also called `node-forge`) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. Prior to version…
CVE-2026-33891 — High (CVSS 7.5): Forge (also called `node-forge`) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. Prior to version…
CVE-2022-24772 — High (CVSS 7.5): Forge (also called `node-forge`) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. Prior to version…

All CVEs affecting Digitalbazaar Forge →

Other CWE-674 (Uncontrolled Recursion) vulnerabilities

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CVE-2021-41752 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): Stack overflow vulnerability in Jerryscript before commit e1ce7dd7271288be8c0c8136eea9107df73a8ce2 on Oct 20, 2021 due…
CVE-2018-1000618 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): EOSIO/eos eos version after commit f1545dd0ae2b77580c2236fdb70ae7138d2c7168 contains a stack overflow vulnerability in…
CVE-2025-10728 — Critical (CVSS 9.4): When the module renders a Svg file that contains a <pattern> element, it might end up rendering it recursively leading…
CVE-2026-40324 — Critical (CVSS 9.1): Hot Chocolate is an open-source GraphQL server. Prior to versions 12.22.7, 13.9.16, 14.3.1, and 15.1.14, Hot…

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