CVE-2026-26994
CVE-2026-26994 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Refraction-networking Utls with a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.5. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-693.
Key facts
- Severity: Medium (CVSS 3.x base score 6.5)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (18th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2026-8028
- Weakness: CWE-693
- Affected product: Refraction-networking Utls
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
uTLS is a fork of crypto/tls, created to customize ClientHello for fingerprinting resistance while still using it for the handshake. In versions 1.6.7 and below, uTLS did not implement the TLS 1.3 downgrade protection mechanism specified in RFC 8446 Section 4.1.3 when using a uTLS ClientHello spec. This allowed an active network adversary to downgrade TLS 1.3 connections initiated by a uTLS client to a lower TLS version (e.g., TLS 1.2) by modifying the ClientHello message to exclude the SupportedVersions extension, causing the server to respond with a TLS 1.2 ServerHello (along with a downgrade canary in the ServerHello random field). Because uTLS did not check the downgrade canary in the ServerHello random field, clients would accept the downgraded connection without detecting the attack. This attack could also be used by an active network attacker to fingerprint uTLS connections. This issue has been fixed in version 1.7.0.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2026-26994?
- uTLS is a fork of crypto/tls, created to customize ClientHello for fingerprinting resistance while still using it for the handshake. In versions 1.6.7 and below, uTLS did not implement the TLS 1.3 downgrade protection mechanism specified in RFC 8446 Section 4.1.3 when using a uTLS ClientHello spec. This allowed an active network adversary to downgrade TLS 1.3 connections initiated by a uTLS client to a lower TLS version (e.g., TLS 1.2) by modifying the ClientHello message to exclude the SupportedVersions extension, causing the server to respond with a TLS 1.2 ServerHello (along with a downgrade canary in the ServerHello random field). Because uTLS did not check the downgrade canary in the ServerHello random field, clients would accept the downgraded connection without detecting the attack. This attack could also be used by an active network attacker to fingerprint uTLS connections. This issue has been fixed in version 1.7.0.
- How severe is CVE-2026-26994?
- CVE-2026-26994 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.5, rated medium severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is low, integrity low, and availability none.
- Is CVE-2026-26994 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (18th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2026-26994?
- CVE-2026-26994 affects Refraction-networking Utls. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2026-26994?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.
- Does CVE-2026-26994 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2026-26994 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2026-8028.
- When was CVE-2026-26994 published?
- CVE-2026-26994 was published on 2026-02-20 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://github.com/refraction-networking/utls/commit/f8892761e2a4d29054264651d3a86fda83bc83f9
- https://github.com/refraction-networking/utls/issues/181
- https://github.com/refraction-networking/utls/pull/337
- https://github.com/refraction-networking/utls/security/advisories/GHSA-pmc3-p9hx-jq96
Affected products (1)
- cpe:2.3:a:refraction-networking:utls:*:*:*:*:*:go:*:*
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