CVE-2026-34480
CVE-2026-34480 is a high-severity vulnerability in Apache Log4j with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-116.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.5)
- CVSS v4: 6.9
- EPSS exploit prediction: 1% (54th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2026-21410
- Weakness: CWE-116
- Affected product: Apache Log4j
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
Apache Log4j Core's XmlLayout https://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/manual/layouts.html#XmlLayout , in versions up to and including 2.25.3, fails to sanitize characters forbidden by the XML 1.0 specification https://www.w3.org/TR/xml/#charsets producing invalid XML output whenever a log message or MDC value contains such characters. The impact depends on the StAX implementation in use: * JRE built-in StAX: Forbidden characters are silently written to the output, producing malformed XML. Conforming parsers must reject such documents with a fatal error, which may cause downstream log-processing systems to drop the affected records. * Alternative StAX implementations (e.g., Woodstox https://github.com/FasterXML/woodstox , a transitive dependency of the Jackson XML Dataformat module): An exception is thrown during the logging call, and the log event is never delivered to its intended appender, only to Log4j's internal status logger. Users are advised to upgrade to Apache Log4j Core 2.25.4, which corrects this issue by sanitizing forbidden characters before XML output.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2026-34480?
- Apache Log4j Core's XmlLayout https://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/manual/layouts.html#XmlLayout , in versions up to and including 2.25.3, fails to sanitize characters forbidden by the XML 1.0 specification https://www.w3.org/TR/xml/#charsets producing invalid XML output whenever a log message or MDC value contains such characters. The impact depends on the StAX implementation in use: * JRE built-in StAX: Forbidden characters are silently written to the output, producing malformed XML. Conforming parsers must reject such documents with a fatal error, which may cause downstream log-processing systems to drop the affected records. * Alternative StAX implementations (e.g., Woodstox https://github.com/FasterXML/woodstox , a transitive dependency of the Jackson XML Dataformat module): An exception is thrown during the logging call, and the log event is never delivered to its intended appender, only to Log4j's internal status logger. Users are advised to upgrade to Apache Log4j Core 2.25.4, which corrects this issue by sanitizing forbidden characters before XML output.
- How severe is CVE-2026-34480?
- CVE-2026-34480 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is none, integrity high, and availability none.
- Is CVE-2026-34480 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (54th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2026-34480?
- CVE-2026-34480 primarily affects Apache Log4j. In total, 7 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2026-34480?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2026-34480 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2026-34480 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2026-21410.
- When was CVE-2026-34480 published?
- CVE-2026-34480 was published on 2026-04-10 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://github.com/apache/logging-log4j2/pull/4077
- https://lists.apache.org/thread/5x0hcnng0chhghp6jgjdp3qmbbhfjzhb
- https://logging.apache.org/cyclonedx/vdr.xml
- https://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/manual/layouts.html#XmlLayout
- https://logging.apache.org/security.html#CVE-2026-34480
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/10/9
Affected products (7)
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:log4j:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:log4j:3.0.0:alpha1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:log4j:3.0.0:alpha1_rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:log4j:3.0.0:alpha1_rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:log4j:3.0.0:beta1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:log4j:3.0.0:beta2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:apache:log4j:3.0.0:beta3:*:*:*:*:*:*
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