CVE-2026-45259
CVE-2026-45259 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Freebsd with a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.5. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-266.
Key facts
- Severity: Medium (CVSS 3.x base score 6.5)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (1st percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- Weakness: CWE-266
- Affected product: Freebsd
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
sigqueue(2) was marked as permitted in capability mode with the introduction of Capsicum in 2011, but the implementation of kern_sigqueue did not include a capability mode check restricting signal delivery to the calling process's own PID. A process in capability mode can use sigqueue(2) to send signals to any process it could signal following standard Unix permissions, bypassing the Capsicum sandbox restriction. A compromised sandboxed process could interfere with other processes, for example by sending SIGKILL or SIGSTOP. This could be any process running as the same user, or any process, for a superuser sandboxed process.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2026-45259?
- sigqueue(2) was marked as permitted in capability mode with the introduction of Capsicum in 2011, but the implementation of kern_sigqueue did not include a capability mode check restricting signal delivery to the calling process's own PID. A process in capability mode can use sigqueue(2) to send signals to any process it could signal following standard Unix permissions, bypassing the Capsicum sandbox restriction. A compromised sandboxed process could interfere with other processes, for example by sending SIGKILL or SIGSTOP. This could be any process running as the same user, or any process, for a superuser sandboxed process.
- How severe is CVE-2026-45259?
- CVE-2026-45259 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.5, rated medium severity. It is exploitable over local access with low attack complexity, requires low privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is none, integrity none, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2026-45259 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (1st percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2026-45259?
- CVE-2026-45259 primarily affects Freebsd. In total, 31 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2026-45259?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.
- When was CVE-2026-45259 published?
- CVE-2026-45259 was published on 2026-06-27 and last updated on 2026-07-01.
References
Affected products (31)
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p10:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p11:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p12:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p13:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p14:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p6:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p7:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p8:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p9:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p6:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p7:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p8:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p9:*:*:*:*:*:*
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