CVE-2026-54293
CVE-2026-54293 is a high-severity vulnerability in Nltk with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-22.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.5)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (30th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2026-38333
- Weakness: CWE-22
- Affected product: Nltk
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
NLTK (Natural Language Toolkit) is a suite of open source Python modules, data sets, and tutorials supporting research and development in Natural Language Processing. Prior to 3.10.0-rc1, nltk.data.load() in NLTK is vulnerable to path traversal via URL-encoded path separators and traversal segments when using the nltk: URL scheme. The unsafe-path regex check is performed before url2pathname() decodes the %xx sequences (a classic decode-after-check / TOCTOU-style flaw), allowing an attacker to bypass the protection documented in NLTK's SECURITY.md and read arbitrary files from the filesystem. While literal traversal strings such as ../../../etc/passwd are correctly blocked, encoded variants such as %2fetc%2fpasswd, %2e%2e%2f..., and ..%2f..%2f slip past the regex and are subsequently decoded into a real filesystem path. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.10.0-rc1.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2026-54293?
- NLTK (Natural Language Toolkit) is a suite of open source Python modules, data sets, and tutorials supporting research and development in Natural Language Processing. Prior to 3.10.0-rc1, nltk.data.load() in NLTK is vulnerable to path traversal via URL-encoded path separators and traversal segments when using the nltk: URL scheme. The unsafe-path regex check is performed before url2pathname() decodes the %xx sequences (a classic decode-after-check / TOCTOU-style flaw), allowing an attacker to bypass the protection documented in NLTK's SECURITY.md and read arbitrary files from the filesystem. While literal traversal strings such as ../../../etc/passwd are correctly blocked, encoded variants such as %2fetc%2fpasswd, %2e%2e%2f..., and ..%2f..%2f slip past the regex and are subsequently decoded into a real filesystem path. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.10.0-rc1.
- How severe is CVE-2026-54293?
- CVE-2026-54293 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity none, and availability none.
- Is CVE-2026-54293 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (30th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2026-54293?
- CVE-2026-54293 affects Nltk. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2026-54293?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2026-54293 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2026-54293 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2026-38333.
- When was CVE-2026-54293 published?
- CVE-2026-54293 was published on 2026-06-22 and last updated on 2026-06-30.
References
- https://github.com/nltk/nltk/pull/3575
- https://github.com/nltk/nltk/security/advisories/GHSA-p4gq-832x-fm9v
- https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-54293
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2491486
- https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-54293.json
Affected products (1)
- cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
More vulnerabilities in Nltk
- CVE-2026-0848 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): NLTK versions <=3.9.2 are vulnerable to arbitrary code execution due to improper input validation in the…
- CVE-2025-14009 — High (CVSS 8.8): A critical vulnerability exists in the NLTK downloader component of nltk/nltk, affecting all versions. The _unzip_iter…
- CVE-2026-33236 — High (CVSS 8.1): NLTK (Natural Language Toolkit) is a suite of open source Python modules, data sets, and tutorials supporting research…
- CVE-2026-12243 — High (CVSS 7.5): NLTK version 3.9.4 is vulnerable to a path traversal attack due to an incomplete fix for GitHub Issue #3504. The…
- CVE-2026-33231 — High (CVSS 7.5): NLTK (Natural Language Toolkit) is a suite of open source Python modules, data sets, and tutorials supporting research…
- CVE-2026-0846 — High (CVSS 7.5): A vulnerability in the `filestring()` function of the `nltk.util` module in nltk version 3.9.2 allows arbitrary file…
Other CWE-22 (Path Traversal) vulnerabilities
- CVE-2026-48282 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): ColdFusion versions 2025.9, 2023.20 and earlier are affected by an Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted…
- CVE-2026-54917 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): SeaweedFS is a distributed storage system for object storage (S3), file systems, and Iceberg tables. Prior to 4.30, the…
- CVE-2026-11429 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Two endpoints in the Vault Service ScriptsController, shared by Altium Enterprise Server and Altium 365, accept file…
- CVE-2026-34909 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): A malicious actor with access to the network could exploit a Path Traversal vulnerability found in UniFi OS devices to…
- CVE-2026-7411 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): In Eclipse BaSyx Java Server SDK versions prior to 2.0.0-milestone-10, inadequate path normalization in the Submodel…
- CVE-2026-36767 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): A path traversal vulnerability in the /content/images/add endpoint of shopizer v3.2.5 allows attackers write arbitrary…