How severe is CVE-2025-28386?

CVE-2025-28386 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.

Is CVE-2025-28386 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (56th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What products are affected by CVE-2025-28386?

CVE-2025-28386 primarily affects Openc3 Cosmos. In total, 2 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.

How do I fix CVE-2025-28386?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.

Does CVE-2025-28386 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?

Yes. CVE-2025-28386 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-18270.

When was CVE-2025-28386 published?

CVE-2025-28386 was published on 2025-06-13 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

CVE-2025-28386

CVE-2025-28386 is a critical-severity vulnerability in Openc3 Cosmos with a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-94.

Key facts

Severity: Critical (CVSS 3.x base score 9.8)
EPSS exploit prediction: 1% (56th percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-18270
Weakness: CWE-94
Affected product: Openc3 Cosmos
Published: 2025-06-13
Last modified: 2026-06-17

Description

A remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in the Plugin Management component of OpenC3 COSMOS v6.0.0 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via uploading a crafted .txt file.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-28386?: A remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in the Plugin Management component of OpenC3 COSMOS v6.0.0 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via uploading a crafted .txt file.
How severe is CVE-2025-28386?: CVE-2025-28386 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
Is CVE-2025-28386 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (56th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2025-28386?: CVE-2025-28386 primarily affects Openc3 Cosmos. In total, 2 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
How do I fix CVE-2025-28386?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
Does CVE-2025-28386 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?: Yes. CVE-2025-28386 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-18270.
When was CVE-2025-28386 published?: CVE-2025-28386 was published on 2025-06-13 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

Affected products (2)

cpe:2.3:a:openc3:cosmos:6.0.0:*:*:*:enterprise:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:openc3:cosmos:6.0.0:*:*:*:open_source:*:*:*

More vulnerabilities in Openc3 Cosmos

CVE-2025-28389 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): Weak password requirements in OpenC3 COSMOS v6.0.0 allow attackers to bypass authentication via a brute force attack.
CVE-2025-28388 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): OpenC3 COSMOS before v6.0.2 was discovered to contain hardcoded credentials for the Service Account.
CVE-2026-42088 — Critical (CVSS 9.6): OpenC3 COSMOS provides the functionality needed to send commands to and receive data from one or more embedded systems.…
CVE-2026-42087 — Critical (CVSS 9.6): OpenC3 COSMOS provides the functionality needed to send commands to and receive data from one or more embedded systems.…
CVE-2025-28384 — Critical (CVSS 9.1): An issue in the /script-api/scripts/ endpoint of OpenC3 COSMOS before 6.1.0 allows attackers to execute a directory…
CVE-2026-42084 — High (CVSS 8.1): OpenC3 COSMOS provides the functionality needed to send commands to and receive data from one or more embedded systems.…

All CVEs affecting Openc3 Cosmos →

Other CWE-94 (Code Injection) vulnerabilities

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CVE-2026-10561 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.9.3 has an vulnerability due to an improper isolation of Python execution combined…
CVE-2026-25470 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in ACPT ACPT (Pro) - Custom Post Types Plugin…
CVE-2026-48836 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) in Easy Invoice <= 2.1.19 versions.

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