How severe is CVE-2025-28389?

CVE-2025-28389 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.

Is CVE-2025-28389 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (42nd percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What products are affected by CVE-2025-28389?

CVE-2025-28389 primarily affects Openc3 Cosmos. In total, 2 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.

How do I fix CVE-2025-28389?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.

Does CVE-2025-28389 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?

Yes. CVE-2025-28389 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-18268.

When was CVE-2025-28389 published?

CVE-2025-28389 was published on 2025-06-13 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

CVE-2025-28389

CVE-2025-28389 is a critical-severity vulnerability in Openc3 Cosmos with a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-521.

Key facts

Severity: Critical (CVSS 3.x base score 9.8)
EPSS exploit prediction: 1% (42nd percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-18268
Weakness: CWE-521
Affected product: Openc3 Cosmos
Published: 2025-06-13
Last modified: 2026-06-17

Description

Weak password requirements in OpenC3 COSMOS v6.0.0 allow attackers to bypass authentication via a brute force attack.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-28389?: Weak password requirements in OpenC3 COSMOS v6.0.0 allow attackers to bypass authentication via a brute force attack.
How severe is CVE-2025-28389?: CVE-2025-28389 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
Is CVE-2025-28389 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (42nd percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2025-28389?: CVE-2025-28389 primarily affects Openc3 Cosmos. In total, 2 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
How do I fix CVE-2025-28389?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
Does CVE-2025-28389 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?: Yes. CVE-2025-28389 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-18268.
When was CVE-2025-28389 published?: CVE-2025-28389 was published on 2025-06-13 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

Affected products (2)

cpe:2.3:a:openc3:cosmos:6.0.0:*:*:*:enterprise:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:openc3:cosmos:6.0.0:*:*:*:open_source:*:*:*

More vulnerabilities in Openc3 Cosmos

CVE-2025-28388 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): OpenC3 COSMOS before v6.0.2 was discovered to contain hardcoded credentials for the Service Account.
CVE-2025-28386 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): A remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in the Plugin Management component of OpenC3 COSMOS v6.0.0 allows attackers…
CVE-2026-42088 — Critical (CVSS 9.6): OpenC3 COSMOS provides the functionality needed to send commands to and receive data from one or more embedded systems.…
CVE-2026-42087 — Critical (CVSS 9.6): OpenC3 COSMOS provides the functionality needed to send commands to and receive data from one or more embedded systems.…
CVE-2025-28384 — Critical (CVSS 9.1): An issue in the /script-api/scripts/ endpoint of OpenC3 COSMOS before 6.1.0 allows attackers to execute a directory…
CVE-2026-42084 — High (CVSS 8.1): OpenC3 COSMOS provides the functionality needed to send commands to and receive data from one or more embedded systems.…

All CVEs affecting Openc3 Cosmos →

Other CWE-521 (Weak Password Requirements) vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-25715 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): The web management interface of the device allows the administrator username and password to be set to blank values.…
CVE-2025-53963 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): An issue was discovered on Thermo Fisher Ion Torrent OneTouch 2 INS1005527 devices. They run an SSH server accessible…
CVE-2025-63747 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): QaTraq 6.9.2 ships with administrative account credentials which are enabled in default installations and permit…
CVE-2025-12552 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): Insufficient Password Policy.This issue affects BLU-IC2: through 1.19.5; BLU-IC4: through 1.19.5.
CVE-2025-11200 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): MLflow Weak Password Requirements Authentication Bypass Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to…
CVE-2025-12364 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): Weak Password Policy.This issue affects BLU-IC2: through 1.19.5; BLU-IC4: through 1.19.5.

Browse all CWE-521 (Weak Password Requirements) vulnerabilities →