CVE-2025-48868
CVE-2025-48868 is a high-severity vulnerability in Horilla with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.2. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-95.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.2)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 2% (81st percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-30970
- Weakness: CWE-95
- Affected product: Horilla
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
Horilla is a free and open source Human Resource Management System (HRMS). An authenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability exists in Horilla 1.3.0 due to the unsafe use of Python’s eval() function on a user-controlled query parameter in the project_bulk_archive view. This allows privileged users (e.g., administrators) to execute arbitrary system commands on the server. While having Django’s DEBUG=True makes exploitation visibly easier by returning command output in the HTTP response, this is not required. The vulnerability can still be exploited in DEBUG=False mode by using blind payloads such as a reverse shell, leading to full remote code execution. This issue has been patched in version 1.3.1.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-48868?
- Horilla is a free and open source Human Resource Management System (HRMS). An authenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability exists in Horilla 1.3.0 due to the unsafe use of Python’s eval() function on a user-controlled query parameter in the project_bulk_archive view. This allows privileged users (e.g., administrators) to execute arbitrary system commands on the server. While having Django’s DEBUG=True makes exploitation visibly easier by returning command output in the HTTP response, this is not required. The vulnerability can still be exploited in DEBUG=False mode by using blind payloads such as a reverse shell, leading to full remote code execution. This issue has been patched in version 1.3.1.
- How severe is CVE-2025-48868?
- CVE-2025-48868 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.2, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires high privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2025-48868 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 2% (81st percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2025-48868?
- CVE-2025-48868 affects Horilla. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2025-48868?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2025-48868 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2025-48868 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-30970.
- When was CVE-2025-48868 published?
- CVE-2025-48868 was published on 2025-09-24 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://drive.google.com/file/d/1XQAJilt77QxkjGEa94CsZRqZIZXa3ET9/view?usp=sharing
- https://drive.google.com/file/d/1hnI9AK3fnpVrTlTRF7aRJsKhZCDIm2Ve/view?usp=sharing
- https://github.com/horilla-opensource/horilla/commit/b0aab62b3a5fe6b7114b5c58db129b3744b4d8cc
- https://github.com/horilla-opensource/horilla/security/advisories/GHSA-h6qj-pwmx-wjhw
Affected products (1)
- cpe:2.3:a:horilla:horilla:1.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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